UNIT ONE GRAMMAR SUMMARY FOR 3/B

INVERTED FORMS OF CONDITIONALS

Type 1

basic form = If she helps me, I will give her a gift.
inverted form = Should you help me, I will give her a gift


basic form = If you tell us what to do, we'll get on with it
inverted form = Should you tell us what to do, we'll get on with it.

Type 2


basic form = If he were me, he would apply for that job.

inverted form = Were he me, he'd apply for that job.

basic form = If I went by train now, I would get there earlier.

inverted form = Were I to go by train now, I would get there earlier.

PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT)

Providing (that) = Provided (that) = If

Provided (that) you study hard, you will pass ur exams

Providing (that) you study hard, you will pass ur exams

UNLESS

Unless = If not


You will be late if you don’t take a taxi.

You will be late unless you take a taxi



SHOULD - OUGHT TO

We use should and ought to ;
*to suggest obligation
*to state that someone should have done something that was not done
or
someone should not have done something that was done


should and ought to have the same meaning

She should spend more time on her show.
She ought to spend more time on her show.

NEED TO + DON’T/DOESN’T NEED TO + NEEDN’T

Instead of needn't, you can use don't/doesn't need to. So you can say:
* We needn't hurry. or We don't need to hurry.
Remember that we say 'don't need to do', but 'needn't do' (without to).
Needn't and don't need to are similar to don't have to :
We've got plenty of time. We don't have to hurry.

Positive Statement Negative Statement Question

I need to go. I don’t need to go. Do I need to go?
He needs to go. He doesn’t need to go. Does he need to go?


HAD BETTER

Had better is similar to should but not exactly the same.
We use had better only for a particular situation (not for things in general).
You can use should in all types of situation to give an opinion or to give advice:
* It's cold today. You'd better wear a coat when you go out. (a particular situation)
* I think all drivers should wear seat belts. (in general - not 'had better wear')

Read each situation and write a sentence with had better :

We use had better for offers, suggestions or advice.
e.g.
You’d better take the rest of the day off.
You’d better not drive so fast. You’ll be had up for speeding.